Zakat and the Completion of al-Hawl (Time Duration quorum)

প্রশ্ন · Question

Assalamu Alaikum, I have money that reached a quorum and almost
one year has passed on it. When it was due for Zakat I needed to
spend it for a necessity and a small amount remained of it. Do I need
to pay Zakat on the original amount since one year (al -Hawl) has
passed on it?

উত্তর · Answer

Wa Alaikum Assalam wa Rahmatullahi wa Barakatuh,

Zakat is not obligatory on money until it reaches the quorum (Nisab)
and a whole year (al -Hawl) passes on the quorum. It was narrated by
Ali bin Abi Talib, that the Prophet ﷺ said:
إذا كانت لك مئتا درهم، وحال عليها الحول، ففيها خمسة دراهم، وليس عليك شِيء -
ي الذهب
يعن ي ف - حن يكون ذلك عشِّون ديناراً، فإذا كانت لك عشِّون ديناراً، وحال
عليها الحول، ففيها نصف دينار
When you possess two hundred dirhams and one year passes on
them, five dirhams are payable. Nothing is incumbent on you, that is,
on gold, till it reaches twenty dinars. When you possess twenty
dinars and one year passes on them, half a dinar is payable."
(Narrated by Abu Dawood).
What is considered is the passing of one Hijri year and not a Gregorian
year, i.e. if it passed 354 days on reaching the quorum then al -Hawl
has passed and the Zakat becomes obligatory on it, and when Zakat
becomes obligatory on the Muslim's money it is not waived from him.
Therefore, if a full year (al -Hawl) has passed on the money that has
reached the quorum, as we have pointed out, the Zakat is obliged on
it, and there is no difference to spend this money or part of it after a
year has passed, since the Zakat remains obligatory on it, and you
should take it out on the entire amount, either the spent amount or
the remaining amount. This is debt on you, Allah bless you, so hasten
to disperse it.
This is if what you spent was after al -Hawl elapsed, but if the spending
was before reaching al -Hawl, then the Zakat is only obligatory on the
amount left at the completion of al-Hawl.
Your brother,
Abu Yasin